Entries tagged 'DevOps'

I just upgraded my primary development machine to the latest Ubuntu LTS (24.04.1) and it disabled the third-party sources I had set up for things like WezTerm, Tailscale, Syncthing, and the GitHub CLI. (It warned it would be doing this.)

When I re-enabled them, I finally made sure they were set up in the modern-ish way and no longer complained about keys that were installed using deprecated methods.

Now, the keychain for each repository is in the /usr/share/keyrings directory in a file named something like tailscale-archive-keyring.gpg. Some of the keys were mashed together in /etc/apt/trusted.gpg before, but apt-key list showed those were keys that I had individually under /usr/share/keyrings so I just went ahead and deleted /etc/apt/trusted.gpg entirely.

For each repository, there is either a repository.list or repository.sources file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d. The .list files are in “one line format”, and the .sources files in a friendlier key-value format called “deb822”. The formats are explained the sources.list(5) man page.

For example, here’s the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tailscale.sources:

Enabled: yes
Types: deb
URIs: https://pkgs.tailscale.com/stable/ubuntu
Suites: noble
Components: main
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/tailscale-archive-keyring.gpg

And /etc/apt/sources.list.d/wezterm.list:

deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/wezterm-fury.gpg] https://apt.fury.io/wez/ * *

The files in my /etc/apt/sources.list.d were a bit of a jumble, where some had been renamed with an extra .distUpgrade extension and the deb822-formated files had Enabled: no. I moved everything back into the proper filenames and changed those yeses to nos, and now when I run apt update it pulls all from all of the appropriate sources and doesn’t complain about any deprecated keys.

Instead of referencing a key file in the Signed-By line of a source, you can also directly embed the ASCII representation of the key. With that, the tailscale.sources looks like:

Enabled: yes
Types: deb
URIs: https://pkgs.tailscale.com/stable/ubuntu
Suites: noble
Components: main
Signed-By:
 -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

 mQINBF5UmbgBEADAA5mxC8EoWEf53RVdlhQJbNnQW7fctUA5yNcGUbGGGTk6XFqO
 nlek0Us0FAl5KVBgcS0Bj+VSwKVI/wx91tnAWI36CHeMyPTawdT4FTcS2jZMHbcN
 UMqM1mcGs3wEQmKz795lfy2cQdVktc886aAF8hy1GmZDSs2zcGMvq5KCNPuX3DD5
 INPumZqRTjwSwlGptUZrJpKWH4KvuGr5PSy/NzC8uSCuhLbFJc1Q6dQGKlQxwh+q
 AF4uQ1+bdy92GHiFsCMi7q43hiBg5J9r55M/skboXkNBlS6kFviP+PADHNZe5Vw0
 0ERtD/HzYb3cH5YneZuYXvnJq2/XjaN6OwkQXuqQpusB5fhIyLXE5ZqNlwBzX71S
 779tIyjShpPXf1HEVxNO8TdVncx/7Zx/FSdwUJm4PMYQmnwBIyKlYWlV2AGgfxFk
 mt2VexyS5s4YA1POuyiwW0iH1Ppp9X14KtOfNimBa0yEzgW3CHTEg55MNZup6k2Q
 mRGtRjeqM5cjrq/Ix15hISmgbZogPRkhz/tcalK38WWAR4h3N8eIoPasLr9i9OVe
 8aqsyXefCrziaiJczA0kCqhoryUUtceMgvaHl+lIPwyW0XWwj+0q45qzjLvKet+V
 Q8oKLT1nMr/whgeSJi99f/jE4sWIbHZ0wwR02ZCikKnS05arl3v+hiBKPQARAQAB
 tERUYWlsc2NhbGUgSW5jLiAoUGFja2FnZSByZXBvc2l0b3J5IHNpZ25pbmcga2V5
 KSA8aW5mb0B0YWlsc2NhbGUuY29tPokCTgQTAQgAOBYhBCWWqZ6qszghiTwKeUWM
 qDKVf1hoBQJeVJm4AhsDBQsJCAcCBhUKCQgLAgQWAgMBAh4BAheAAAoJEEWMqDKV
 f1hoWHEP/1DYd9WZrodyV5zy1izvj0FXtUReJi374gDn3cHrG6uYtXcE9HWZhxQD
 6nDgYuey5sBhLvPQiE/sl5GYXNw/O95XVk8HS54BHCCYq1GeYkZaiCGLGFBA08JK
 7PZItGsfdJHwHfhSMtGPS7Cpmylje9gh8ic56NAhC7c5tGTlD69Y8zGHjnRQC6Hg
 wF34jdp8JTQpSctpmiOxOXN+eH8N59zb0k30CUym1Am438AR0PI6RBTnubBH+Xsc
 eQhLJnmJ1bM6GP4agXw5T1G/qp95gjIddHXzOkEvrpVfJFCtp91VIlBwycspKYVp
 1IKAdPM6CVf/YoDkawwm4y4OcmvNarA5dhWBG0Xqse4v1dlYbiHIFcDzXuMyrHYs
 D2Wg8Hx8TD64uBHY0fp24nweCLnaZCckVUsnYjb0A494lgwveswbZeZ6JC5SbDKH
 Tc2SE4jq+fsEEJsqsdHIC04d+pMXI95HinJHU1SLBTeKLvEF8Zuk7RTJyaUTjs7h
 Ne+xWDmRjjR/D/GXBxNrM9mEq6Jvp/ilYTdWwAyrSmTdotHb+NWjAGpJWj5AZCH9
 HeBr2mtVhvTu3KtCQmGpRiR18zMbmemRXUh+IX5hpWGzynhtnSt7vXOvhJdqqc1D
 VennRMQZMb09wJjPcvLIApUMl69r29XmyB59NM3UggK/UCJrpYfmuQINBF5UmbgB
 EADTSKKyeF3XWDxm3x67MOv1Zm3ocoe5xGDRApPkgqEMA+7/mjVlahNXqA8btmwM
 z1BH5+trjOUoohFqhr9FPPLuKaS/pE7BBP38KzeA4KcTiEq5FQ4JzZAIRGyhsAr+
 6bxcKV/tZirqOBQFC7bH2UAHH7uIKHDUbBIDFHjnmdIzJ5MBPMgqvSPZvcKWm40g
 W+LWMGoSMH1Uxd+BvW74509eezL8p3ts42txVNvWMSKDkpiCRMBhfcf5c+YFXWbu
 r5qus2mnVw0hIyYTUdRZIkOcYBalBjewVmGuSIISnUv76vHz133i0zh4JcXHUDqc
 yLBUgVWckqci32ahy3jc4MdilPeAnjJQcpJVBtMUNTZ4KM7UxLmOa5hYwvooliFJ
 wUFPB+1ZwN8d+Ly12gRKf8qA/iL8M5H4nQrML2dRJ8NKzP2U73Fw+n6S1ngrDX8k
 TPhQBq4EDjDyX7SW3Liemj5BCuWJAo53/2cL9P9I5Nu3i2pLJOHzjBSXxWaMMmti
 kopArlSMWMdsGgb0xYX+aSV7xW+tefYZJY1AFJ1x2ZgfIc+4zyuXnHYA2jVYLAfF
 pApqwwn8JaTJWNhny/OtAss7XV/WuTEOMWXaTO9nyNmHla9KjxlBkDJG9sCcgYMg
 aCAnoLRUABCWatxPly9ZlVbIPPzBAr8VN/TEUbceAH0nIwARAQABiQI2BBgBCAAg
 FiEEJZapnqqzOCGJPAp5RYyoMpV/WGgFAl5UmbgCGwwACgkQRYyoMpV/WGji9w/8
 Di9yLnnudvRnGLXGDDF2DbQUiwlNeJtHPHH4B9kKRKJDH1Rt5426Lw8vAumDpBlR
 EeuT6/YQU+LSapWoDzNcmDLzoFP7RSQaB9aL/nJXv+VjlsVH/crpSTTgGDs8qGsL
 O3Y2U1Gjo5uMBoOfXwS8o1VWO/5eUwS0KH7hpbOuZcf9U9l1VD2YpGfnMwX1rnre
 INJqseQAUL3oyNl76gRzyuyQ4AIA06r40hZDgybH0ADN1JtfVk8z4ofo/GcfoXqm
 hifWJa2SwwHeijhdN1T/kG0FZFHs1DBuBYJG3iJ3/bMeL15j1OjncIYIYccdoEUd
 uHnp4+ZYj5kND0DFziTvOC4WyPpv3BlBVariPzEnEqnhjx5RYwMabtTXoYJwUkxX
 2gAjKqh2tXissChdwDGRNASSDrChHLkQewx+SxT5kDaOhB84ZDnp+urn9A+clLkN
 lZMsMQUObaRW68uybSbZSmIWFVM1GovRMgrPG3T6PAykQhFyE/kMFrv5KpPh7jDj
 5JwzQkxLkFMcZDdS43VymKEggxqtM6scIRU55i059fLPAVXJG5in1WhMNsmt49lb
 KqB6je3plIWOLSPuCJ/kR9xdFp7Qk88GCXEd0+4z/vFn4hoOr85NXFtxhS8k9GfJ
 mM/ZfUq7YmHR+Rswe0zrrCwTDdePjGMo9cHpd39jCvc=
 =AIVM
 -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

I converted the binary format of the key (the .gpg file) into that text representation with:

$ gpg --keyring tailscale-archive-keyring.gpg --no-default-keyring --export -a

Another day, another set of thoughts on the experience. It was a busy day at the 21st edition of the Southern California Linux Expo, and the site was more crowded because an episode of America’s Got Talent was being filmed at the Civic Auditorium that is between the two buildings that the conference were held in. If I’d been on the ball, I would have taken a picture of Howie Mandel standing outside his limo.

I will admit that I took my time in the morning and didn’t make it over to Pasadena until after the keynote that kicked off the day.

The first talk that I attended was “Contribution is not only a code.” by Tatiana Krupenya, the CEO of DBeaver. She did a great job of breaking down the many ways that people can contribute to open source development aside from writing code, and I appreciated her final point was that the simplest contributions that anyone can make that will be well-received is just a heart-felt thank you to maintainers of tools that you find valuable.

She also brought up what I am sure is a great talk by Zak Greant from Eclipsecon 2019 titled “When Your Happy Dreams Are About Dying” about burnout in the open source developer community, which I’m looking forward to catching up on.

After that, it was off to Brian Proffitt’s “Measuring the Impact of Community Events” where he provided his perspective from his roles at the Red Hat OSPO, Apache Software Foundation, and other places. It was a great companion to the first session, but more from the perspective of why companies and projects may want to think about measuring how they engage with the community.

I took another spin through the expo during what was supposed to be the lunch break, picked up my conference T-shirt and a free bucket hat from AWS.

After lunch, Tyler Menezes from CodeDay spoke about “Nurturing the Next Generation of Open Source Contributors” and how the non-profit he founded works to connect high school and college students from underprivileged backgrounds with resources to help them thrive in tech. One of the programs pairs small teams of students with a mentor to help them make a contribution to an open source project, and it sounds amazing. I plan to find a way to get involved once I have some my employment situation sorted out.

For the next talk was Heather Osborn on “Organic isn't always good for you” which was sort of a case study of her experience as a DevOps leader tackling the complicated environment that had taken root place at the startup she was working at, and how they figured out a strategy to straighten that out. It was really interesting to hear the language she used about convincing the company management to buy into the plan, which seemed more adversarial and dismissive than the working environments that I’ve been in.

“Solving ‘secret zero’, why you should care about SPIFFE!” by Mattias Gees was by far the most technical talk that I attended today. Like the presentation on Presto yesterday, it seemed a bit like the sort of system that is very impressive and I will probably never need.

The last talk I attended was Michael Gat on “Anti-Patterns in Tech Cost Management” which was pretty true to the title. It was a little light on the open source aspect, but there were definitely insights there on the importance of laying the groundwork early for being able to do cost analytics on systems you’ll be scaling. There were three or so questions from people that started with “I’m an engineer, and ...” which I thought was great. I think what bothered me about Heather Osborn’s talk was how it implied a certain distaste for connecting the engineering to the business realities, and I think it is very important for engineers to understand, and have respect for, business decision-making.

One more day to go. I am surprised how heavy the program is on cloud computing and DevOps, but I guess that’s a huge chunk of what people are working on these days. What I have been missing from the talks so far is programming-focused talks.

I am either really good at making Oracle Cloud Infrastructure instances fall over, or the VM.Standard.E2.1.Micro shape is even more under-powered than I expected. I had been using the Ubuntu “minimal” image as my base, so I thought I would try the Oracle Linux 8 image and I couldn’t even get it to run yum check-update without that process getting killed. That seems like a less-than-ideal experience out of the box.

What seems to happen on the instances (with Ubuntu) that I am using to host this site is that if something does too much I/O, the load average spikes, and things slowly grind through before recovering. The problem is that something like “running composer” seems to be too much I/O, which makes it awkward to deploy code.

Another thing that seems to get out of control quickly is when I reindex the site with Meilisearch. Considering there is very little data being indexed, that obviously shouldn’t be causing any sort of trouble. I have two instances spun up now, so I can play with the settings on one without temporarily choking off the live site. It’s probably just a matter of setting the maximum indexing memory in Meilisearch’s configuration or constraining the memory on that container.

I also added a OCI Flexible Network Load Balancer in front of my instance so I can quickly switch things over to another without waiting on any DNS propagation. Maybe if Ampere instances ever become available in my region I will play around with splitting the deployment across multiple instances.